This document addresses the security aspects of virtual machine technologies and VMware ESX Server 3.x implementations. While these topics cannot be completely separated from the standard security issues of operating a physical computer or basic issues of running the individual operating systems involved, this document‟s primary focus is on virtual machine security issues. For this reason, we do not cover all of the steps needed to harden the guest operating systems. The Center for Internet Security has multiple documents, which address guest operating system security recommendations. Recommendations are based on a variety of public sources and input from members of the Center for Internet Security (CIS).